Law and Ethics in Nursing :: Nursing Ethics Research Paper

In every nurse's career, he or she will face with legal and ethical dilemmas. One of the professional competencies for nursing states that nurses should "integrate knowledge of ethical and legal aspects of health care and professional values into nursing practice". It is important to know what types of dilemmas nurses may face during their careers and how they have been successfully dealt with in the past. It is also important for nurses to understand what malpractice is and how they may protect themselves from a malpractice lawsuit. LAW VS. ETHICS It is important to first understand the difference between law and ethics. Ethics examines the values and actions of people. Often times there is no one right course of action when one is faced with an ethical dilemma. On the other hand, laws are binding rules of conduct. When laws are broken, it is punishable by an authority figure. There are four types of situations that pertain to law vs. ethics. The first would be an action that is both legal and ethical. An example of this would be a nurse carrying out appropriate doctor's orders as ordered. A nurse may also be faced with an action that may be ethical but not legal, such as allowing a cancer patient to smoke marijuana for medicinal purposes. The opposite may arise where an action may be legal but not ethical. Finally, an action may be neither legal or ethical. For example, when a nurse makes a medication error and does not report it. ETHICAL DUTIES Nurses have many ethical duties to their clients. The main ethical duties are: nonmaleficence, beneficence, fidelity, veracity, and justice. The duty of nonmaleficence is the duty to do no harm. The nurse first needs to ask him or herself what harm is. When a nurse gives an injection she is causing the patient pain but she is also preventing additional harm such as disease development or prolonged pain. Therefore, the nurse must ask herself a second question about how much harm should be tolerated. The duty of beneficence is to do good. In a sense, it is at the opposite end of nonmaleficence or at the positive end of the nonmaleficence > beneficence continuum. The duty of fidelity means to be faithful, or to keep to your promises. Therefore, if a nurse tells his patient that he will

An AP prompt essay discussing how writers must prepare to be unsatisfied Essay

Everyday more and more people try to make a profession in being a successful writer. In this passage, aspiring writer Melusina Fay Peirce writes to novelist Marian Evans Lewes asking if beginning writing at thirty is too old. Evans is moved by this letter and responds mentioning thirty is not too old. In the letter, she comments that even an accomplished writer such as herself is rarely satisfied with hours of work. It is impossible to be an accomplished writer without having years of wisdom behind you. Throughout the passage, she utilizes various persuasive techniques such as refutation and analogies in order to depict novice work as tasteless. In Lewes response to Peirce, she incorporates many rhetorical strategies in order to convey that writers must prepare to be unsatisfied and must not be concerned about flattery because success in writing comes only with maturity. In the beginning of the letter, Evans uses a plethora of rhetorical strategies which suggest that in order to be a writer one must be ready to be unsatisfied. Evans declares her â€Å"consciousness is not of the triumphant kind†. Beginning her letter with a refutation immediately conveys that being a writer is a difficult life. Although one may put hours of hard work into a novel, satisfaction is not always achieved. She then states that â€Å"Exultation is a dream before achievement and rarely comes after†. Evans suggests that she often fancies admiration before her work is finished only to encounter a deficiency of praise after. While Lewes may be a praised writer, she shocks Peirce when saying she is rarely commended for her work; writers’ dreams are seldom met. When encountering the lack of the praise writers such as Evans tend to feel like a â€Å"poor husk†. Evans uses this word to convey the emptiness in which she feels after writing. One always feels like it is possible to create better work but doesn’t know where to look. She then continues on and inquire to Peirce â€Å"Does these seem melancholy? ‘. This rhetorical question implies that these feelings of â€Å"incompleteness† and emptiness are far less melancholy than self-flattery. This connects to the refutation at the beginning of the paragraph stating that writers seldom feel triumphant. Using the various strategies, Evans conveys that to be a writer one must not be concerned about flattery and must be prepared to be unfulfilled. In the next paragraph, Evans refutes Peirce’s main concern of being too old to start writing by giving support to the idea that success come with maturity. Lewes responds by mentioning â€Å"not to fancy yourself old because you are thirty, or to regret you have not written anything†. This refutation replies to Peirce’s concern that she is too old and tells Peirce not to worry. She then states that it does not even matter if one hasn’t written anything prior to being an established writer. Lewes then mentions that the writing of a young writer is â€Å"no better than trashy, unripe fruit†. The underdeveloped fruit mirrors the underdeveloped minds and writing of the young writers. He then states that there is nothing worse than a writer who has â€Å"exhausted himself†. One cannot burn out writing all of their material while young. A successful writer needs to be patient, as triumph in literature comes with experience in everyday life. Towards the end of the letter, Evans reflects that when she was young â€Å"she began a sort of writing which had no great glory belonging to it, but which she felt certain she could do faithfully and well†. This anecdote also works as an emotional appeal as it sympathizes with Peircr, implying mutual feelings both writers felt while young. Evans suggests that mature and older writers are more patient in their writing, consequently producing better works. Evans is very persuasive in her position which states achievements in writings will come along with maturity. In Lewes’s letter to Peirce, she includes numerous persuasive techniques in order to convey that writers must prepare to be unsatisfied and must not be concerned about flattery because success in writing only comes with maturity. Evans’s main point is that one is never too old to begin writing. An aspiring writer shouldn’t hold back on account that they haven’t produced descent works in the past. Wisdom, compassion and insight all come with years of aging and are needed to produce successful writing.

Walmarts Mission Statement and Vision Statement - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1275 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/26 Category Business Essay Level High school Tags: Walmart Essay Did you like this example? Walmart is one of the leading retailers around the globe operating with more than 11,000 stores in over 25 nations (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). The company was established in 1962 and has achieved significant success due to its effective business strategy (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). Walmart operates both physical and online stores to enhance convenience for their global consumers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Walmarts Mission Statement and Vision Statement" essay for you Create order The company reached an annual revenue of $500 billion in the fiscal year of 2017 and boasts of over 2.1 million employees from different parts of the world (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). Although Walmart is a leading company, it operates in a highly competitive market and shares its customers with competitors such as Tesco, Costco, Woolworths, Carrefour, IKEA, Amazon, and Target (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). However, Walmart has been able to maintain its cost leadership strategy that allows the company to retain customers by offering quality goods at affordable prices. Walmarts slogan, Everyday low prices, gives the company a competitive advantage in the retail industry. This low price strategy allows Walmart to capitalize on its size to realize economies of scale. The company has depended heavily on cost leadership to become a household name across the globe. Walmarts business strategies have also been centered on sustainability to conserve the environment and minimize the indirect cos ts. In addition, Walmarts business strategies aimed at establishing a one-stop shopping by providing a broad assortment ranging from grocery to household wares. Walmart has maintained its traditional mission statement, We save people money so they can live better (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). This mission statement is geared towards lowering the cost of living to enable people to make extra savings to enhance their lives. Walmarts mission statement appeals mostly to the middle-class consumers who make up a large percentage of the overall customers in the retail industry. Walmarts vision statement aims at provided quality products at low costs while maintaining sustainable production. Statement of the Problem The international retail industry is experiencing an upward trajectory; this is as a result of the expansion of the middle-income class, especially among the emerging and developing economies. At the same time, the retail industry has experienced entrance of new competitors, most of which are online based such as Amazon, Alibaba, and eBay (Chatterjee, 2017). These companies offer a wide range of assortments over online platforms and delivery services. The preference of global customers has shifted, and thus, most customers prefer online shopping. The retail industry does not require huge capital to start up and run, and therefore, this has created stiff competition as new retain companies enter the market. The competition in the retail industry is quite high due to the existence of many small indirect retail outlets that take away a significant number of consumers (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). As a result, the market share for Walmart has shrunk considerably. Also, Walmart is facing a significant challenge in maintaining its cost leadership strategy due to the increase in production costs, primarily due to an upsurge of oil prices and inputs. Therefore, an increase in the costs of producing goods and services lower the profit margin and overall revenues. The food industry has experienced deflation due to shortages, and therefore, Walmart is not able to provide a variety of food products leading to a decline in sales (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). Walmarts strategy to lead on price may be ineffective given the dynamics in the global retail company. The cost leadership strategy may prevent Walmart from adjusting to the global financial situation. Walmart has mainly experienced significant challenges in some of its biggest markets such as the UK, Brazil, and China. In the UK, new retail companies have emerged offering goods and services at discounts. Thus, Walmart has continued to lose its market share since customers are tremendously attracted by low prices (DaSilva Trkman, 2014). Also, in case Walmart increase the prices of its goods and services its likely to lose customer loyalty and loss a segment of its market share. Walmart will be compelled to adjust its activities to counter the various challenges (Chatterjee, 2017). This includes enhancing efficiency in operations, supply chain management and logistics, and an increase in its bargaining power. Walmart has also invested heavily in innovation and technology to help main tain its competitive advantage (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). The company has automated most of its processes to bring down costs and improve efficiency. Walmart needs to adjust its pricing strategy to accommodate the global financial situation and events such as oil prices and new competitors (DaSilva Trkman, 2014). At the same time, Walmart should improve its internal processes to enhance efficiency and cut costs. The stock price will increase when Walmart decides to adjust its pricing strategy. However, Walmart should aim at putting the price of goods and services slightly lower than its competitors in order to attract new customers and maintain consumer loyalty. Secondly, Walmart needs to integrate its digital platform with the physical stores to enhance the customers shopping experience (DaSilva Trkman, 2014). Walmart should also abandon its traditional store strategy and instead focus on enhancing shoppers accessibility (Chatterjee, 2017). Thus, instead of setting up big retail outlets, the company should focus on establishing small outlets in multiple places to enhance accessibility. It is evident that the retail industry has undergone a massive transformation whereby most consumers prefer shopping online (DaSilva Trkman, 2014). Thus, Walmart should invest heavily in establishing click and collect online platforms to attract online customers and boost its sales. The company should also aim at being competitive by providing a wide range of assortment to meet the needs of global companies (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). This strategy will help it counter competition from its direct and indirect competitors including the small retail outlets. This business strategy is highly effective in the global market whereby tastes and preferences vary significantly. In addition, Walmart should aim at providing efficiency in the supply chain and logistics for cutting down the overall costs. By maintaining effective internal controls, Walmart will be able to create a barrier for new competitors who cannot keep up (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). This is because efficient processes help lower the operational costs allowing the company to register an increase in profits (DaSilva Trkman, 2014). Lastly Walmart should invest heavily in researching cultural elements in different regions. This would allow the company to provide unique goods and services that reflect the tastes and preferences of the customers from different locations. Walmart had initially experience failures in Germany due to a lack of cultural awareness, and thus, it should consider analyzing the cultural elements and beliefs of different populations (Hunt, Watts Bryant, 2018). Conclusion The global retail market is experiencing new dynamics, which affects the operations of retail companies. Since its inception, Walmart has maintained a low price strategy whereby it offers goods and services at competitive prices compared to its competitors. This has allowed the company to experience significant growth in the retail market and also counter the growing competition. However, the costs of production have continued to increase due to a strong currency and fluctuation in oil prices. Thus, Walmart should adjust its business strategies to accommodate these changes. The first change will be a slight increase in the price of goods and services. This strategy would work as long as Walmarts prices remain slightly lower compared to its competitors. The second change would require Walmart to integrate its digital platform with the physical stores to enhance consistency in pricing and delivery. Also, Walmart should deviate from establishing big shopping outlets and instead focus on expanding multiple retail outlets to improve shoppers accessibility. This would help increase store visibility and accessibility thereby countering the stiff competition from direct and indirect competitors.