A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force Is a Just...

A victims deliberate use of deadly force is a just response to repeated domestic violence. According to Senior Senator Dianne Feinstein, Domestic violence causes far more pain than the visible marks of bruises and scars. It is devastating to be abused by someone that you love and think loves you in return. It is estimated that approximately 3 million incidents of domestic violence are reported each year in the United States. It is because I agree with Senator Feinstein, that domestic violence must be stopped, that I must affirm the resolution. A victims deliberate use of deadly force is a just response to repeated domestic violence. My value for this round is that of Justice, defined as Retributive Justice. For justice to be served,†¦show more content†¦Shelters and Protection orders are not effective either. According to R.A.D.A.R (Respecting Accuracy in Domestic Abuse Reporting), One study concluded that restraining orders are flatly ‘ineffective in stopping physical v iolence, while a more recent report concluded that, Having a permanent order did not appear to deter most types of abuse. My third contention is that a victim should have the right to defend himself. In any scenario involving repeated domestic violence, the victim of the abuse ought to have the right to defend himself from his oppressor. Is the victim supposed to allow his abuser to violate his rights because he must be cautious not to harm his oppressor? Of course not! In cases of domestic violence the victims must have the right of self-defense. Victims of domestic violence very frequently lose their lives. According to The Domestic Violence Network, A recently published study of murder-homicides in North Carolina between 1988 and 1992 reported that in 86 percent of the cases the woman was murdered by her current or former partner. 18 Of those women who experienced a history of domestic violence, nearly half had previously sought legal protection from the murderer through an arres t warrant or restraining order. l9 Moreover, in nearly half those cases, the injuries extended to the womans children, or those of the murderer. 20 Clearly victims of domestic violenceShow MoreRelatedEssay Paper84499 Words   |  338 Pagesthe confidentiality of survey responses; adds requirement to provide inconspicuous location to submit paper and pencil format; provides guidance on group versus individual reporting (para E-2). o Deletes the tools used for obtaining the command climate surveys (para E-5). o Adds requirement for survey administrator and data collector to protect respondent anonymity and results confidentiality; adds exceptions to the confidentiality of survey responses; prohibits collection of personally Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesmanner—without the written permission of the publisher. Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any additional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pages These range from introduction to marketing/marketing principles to courses in marketing management and strategic marketing. It can also be used as a text in international marketing courses. Retailing, entrepreneurship, and ethics courses could use a number of these cases and their learning insights. It can certainly be used in training programs and even appeal to nonprofessionals who are looking for a good read about well-known firms and personalities. TEACHING AIDS As in previous editions

The Opinion Of Charter Schools - 1687 Words

As I began working on this essay, my first step was to google charter school news articles. One of the first two articles that I came across was from a well known conservative news source. The other was published in a prominent outlet for liberal news. I was amazed at the polar opposite views that the two sources had on the subject and decided to see if this dichotomy continued in other news outlets as well. I then looked up a ranking of various news sources as liberal or conservative. I visited websites with varying political views and read articles that they had composed about charter schools and their effects. Throughout my process of examining the media’s opinion of charter schools I came across a clear divide. The liberal media is wholeheartedly opposed to charter schools whereas the conservative media views them as the only saving grace for our failing school system. These opinions on charter schools are very closely tied to the overall world view of our two major polit ical parties. Both sides agree that our school system is struggling and needs to be improved in some way. However, they differ in how this should be done. The only thing that the two sides seem to truly agree on is the framing of children as very vulnerable and susceptible to damage done to them by a failing school system. One of the main conservative political platforms is that free markets are the best answer to any problem. Schooling is no exception. An education system withShow MoreRelatedCharter Schools Is The Best?940 Words   |  4 Pagesdecades, charter schools have become the modern rival of public schools, but does the charter schools is the best? In modern society, people keep chasing the American dream; they want to achieve better life quality and higher education. 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Texas publicly funded school choices are limited to publicRead MoreCharter Schools Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesCharter Schools: The Future of Education? For decades the American education system provided parents with three choices: public, homeschool or private school. If they chose public then their child(ren) would be assigned to a school past on where they lived. However , â€Å"in the early 1990s a handful of states created independent public charter schools, providing opportunities for teachers and others to develop innovative schooling options â€Å" (Palmer, Louann 2007). Not only did the creation ofRead MoreThe Role Of State And Local Control Of Education850 Words   |  4 Pagesbody that establishes and makes sure that school districts employ only qualified individuals. 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Duopoly Coles vs Woolworths Free Essays

Australian Business Environment A Duopolistic Market Structure: Who Wins? For most of us its Just part of everyday life decisions. Where to shop for the week, Coles or Woolworths? Should I drink Pepsi or Coke today? Do I go to MYER or David Jones to buy new make up from? We take in consideration a few prices, how convenient it will be to get there, what would we rather do, and that’s it. But there’s something bigger behind this. We will write a custom essay sample on Duopoly Coles vs Woolworths or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is the impact on such big rivals, for us and the economy? It’s not Just about personal choices. Living and studying in Australia for the ast 11 months, going to do my grocery shopping at Coles or at Woolworths has become part of my routine. And because it is such an ordinary thing to do, we tend to forget that we make part of a much bigger picture, and are contributing to several factors regarding the Australian economy. However, this race for the best has its advantages and disadvantages, and of course, this is affecting us as well. The Price War One of the advantages of this never ending battle for us customers, are the low prices. Because there is such a big competition for prices, each of the supermarket rands will try to make it as affordable as possible to the consumer, as a reaction to get competitive advantage. One big example of this war is the milk price. Both supermarkets can sell milk for $1 . It is very difficult to make any profit if you’re selling products at such a low price, as Rob Murray, the chiet executive tor the t beverage group Lion stated. However this issue does not affect us consumers on a day-to-day basis, and the low prices keep us happy and of course, keep us shopping at these big supermarkets. Everyone wins with the Rewards Programs Another good thing for the shoppers at these two big chains is the rewards systems hey have. And we win again. Despite the cheaper price war having been leaded by Coles the majority of times, Woolworths seems to have another way of fghting. Their CEO Grant O’Brien came out with a new strategy: the Everyday Rewards. The more the customer shops, the more discount they get. Users of the cards get exclusive offers, discount on fuel and can even earn Qantas flyer points. And not only in Woolworths, they have retail partners like Big W, Dick Smith and Cellarmasters that will also benefit the customer. Coles also has their rewards system, the Flybuys. With his card, apart from the exclusive offers on Coles and affiliated firms products, the customer collects points at every purchase, which can later be changed by different prizes. But this is not only good for the consumers. Its basically the company saying that they will give us prizes, in exchange for our information. A Rewards system allows the firm to collect data about their customers, which they can use in their favour, to create loyalty and promote trust. With the Everyday Rewards, Woolworths has been able to collect a good amount of information, while Flybuys is still in the process of build its strength. Easy and Simple Another very good thing for the customer about these two big brands is the convenience. Everywhere we go, every big shopping center and busy area in a suburb will have at least one of the two, if not both. Coles and Woolworths have very strong analysts that will know where to place their shops, and if there is an area lacking one, it’s probably not because they are still to build one, but because that are would not be so profitable yet. So for us, wherever we want to shop, we can always find one of these, and do not have to travel any long distance to get to one of these tores, as they are located almost everywhere too. Even for the most loyal customer from the small shops, sometimes it’s a lot more convenient to visit one of the big supermarkets, and they will end up buying something from there. Someone might be losing Unfortunately it’s not all flowers. For us to be paying such low prices, someone is losing money somewhere, and it’s not the big supermarkets. Because they are such big brands, suppliers need to have their products in their shelf. Coles and Woolworths claim they have built very strong relationships with their suppliers, and it ight be true, but a lot of the smaller suppliers are getting ripped off. They â€Å"bully’ the suppliers to sell their products at really low prices, and they know they have this power, otherwise they won’t sell enough. They will also charge more to have the products placed in good positions on their shelves. A lot of the times the prices suppliers are charging are so small, that they are struggling to survive with these sales, and it generates another whole big problem. Creating Enemies The ones losing with the big duopoly from Coles and Woolworths are the smaller suppliers, and the smaller shops too. But not every customer is Just happy in paying small prices, they want to make sure everyone involved is protected. For this reason, there is a big pressure on ACCC from suppliers and the smaller businesses which don’t nave a chance to compete. There is a party called Australian Green, and they fght strong against the practices these two supermarkets have againg farmers and small suppliers. Their objective, as they state on the website, is to â€Å"tackle the supermarket duopoly’, and the measures they are willing to take are strong. For example, put a temporary ban on expansion from Coles and Woolworths, or stopping his duopoly to purchase agricultural land, so they can’t control the whole supply chain. The ACCC is also holding an investigation about the bullying of suppliers. While most of us will not care that much about the situation these suppliers are in, or will not have option to shop somewhere else, there is a big group who does care. These are customers who are willing to pay more, but do their groceries in a small shop so they can help that business, and also do not buy the products from exploited suppliers. No more competition Unfortunately, the group of very unhappy customers mentioned before is not large nough to make sure the small businesses will survive. With such low prices and big chains, the two major supermarkets will not give a chance for a smaller business to survive in the middle of this war. It is Just impossible to compete with the two major supermarkets prices and their powerful middlemen, and the small shops start disappearing. Without competition, a lot of the products that do not have space on Coles or Woolworths shelves may also disappear, and this will also have a big impact on the economy as there is unemployment rising. This process will damage Australia ood’s industry, and with the lack of new firms it might mean a lack of new products, and the whole market can go stale. Tricking the customers To have products at such low prices, as it was mentioned before, the suppliers will end up losing. But the customers might also lose sometimes. For example, the free range eggs case. Both Coles and Woolworths claim that they want to help customers switch from industrialised to free range eggs, by cutting the prices on the second one. However, the suppliers pay for the price that we are not, as it is impossible to have a free range egg production at such low prices. The customer will end up buying free range eggs thinking they are contributing to improve the animal welfare standards from the supermarkets, however, they do not know that they are still purchasing the â€Å"industrialised† free range eggs, the free range version of these two big supermarkets. Even though it seems there are more disadvantages to small businesses and suppliers than there are advantages for us customers, it is not the number, but the quality of these advantages that count. This battle is far from the end, because it is not likely that the masses will stop shopping at Coles or Woolworths anytime soon. However, the ones that are more conscious about it can only expect that it will make a difference in the future, when the ACCC take strong measures or the political inaction ends, and someone who genuinely cares and is strong enough to change this is put in charge. In the meanwhile, we will keep enjoying the convenience to Just walk for 10 minutes and find a shop, or receive rewards and discount on products and even fuel, and keep ignoring all the ones losing from this. In the end, it is a battle and someone will lose. If not the big duopolistic market, a part of the population will pay. How to cite Duopoly Coles vs Woolworths, Papers

Understanding Organizational Culture

Question: You are a journalist for a leading news service. The news organisations newly appointed line manager wants to hire a business editor and you have decided to apply for the position as it will be a promotion. As part of your application, you have been asked to undertake a series of tasks.Task 1 (This will form your introduction)You are required to select an organisation of your choice. (The only requirement is this organisation has to have a website). a) Introduce your organisation and provide a short description of what it is.b) The principles of management e.g., (remuneration, authority, order, discipline, division of work etc.) continually pose challenges for managers. Describe any two of the principles of management?Task 2 (You are now expected to build a profile of your organisation)Your editor enjoyed your opening to (task 1) and thinks your organisation could make an interesting article. He wants you to explain the organisation in more detail. a) Describe the organisations (si ze, structure and key operations).b) Outline the organisations key strategic objectives (i.e. goals targets) and explain how they plan to use the 4 functions of management (planning, organising, leading and controlling) to achieve them.Task 3 (This question evaluates the importance of culture)You have been debating with your line-manager about the importance of culture to an organisation. He argued that, Management culture is of no importance and has no influence on the success of the organisation!You disagree! Using the organisation you selected for task 1 write a reply to your line manager. Focus your reply on two key questions:a) Describe the importance of management culture to an organisation.b) How does culture impact the success of your chosen organisation? Task 4 (Business planning operations)Your editor is impressed with your work. He wants you to write a short paragraph on the importance of planning and operations to an organisation. Using the organisation you chose in (task 1), write a paragraph answering the following questions:a) Identify the key reasons why line-managers engage in the process of planning. b) Describe the steps taken in analysing the external environment of an organisation.Task 5 (Communication)Oh no! There has been a huge argument and your editor is no longer speaking to a senior member of staff from a different department. They are expected to have a close working relationship but effective lines of communication have broken down. As he is your senior, you do not feel you can raise the importance of this to him. You feel it would make a good article so you decide to write a brief note on the importance of effective communication between managers with different responsibilities. Your article must discuss the two following questions:a) Explain the consequences of a breakdown in communication to an organisation.b) Identify any two techniques/technologies (e.g. corporate instant messaging systems, intranet, team briefings) and e xplain how they could be used to prevent and overcome breakdowns in communication.Task 6 (This will form your conclusion)This application process has been competitive. Your manager gives you the good news; you have made the final 2. He has asked you both to:a) Explain 3 of the key learnings from the tasks undertaken. Answer: Task 1- Introduction Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited established in 2004 is one of the most successful, quality focused and vibrant upholstery design and manufacturing company that supply furniture to UKs biggest and best high street retailers such as Next Home, Marks Spencer, John Lewis Partnership and other 200 independent retailers(Westbridge Furniture Designs, 2016). With its 400,000 sqft manufacturing capacity and largest upholstery design and development resource in UK, Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited is recognised as the one of the best furniture manufacturing companies. Remuneration is the compensation or payment an individual or group receives in exchange of their services or employment(Miller, 2007). It is also referred as the reward for employment paid in the form of salary, pay, benefits, incentives, bonuses and non-cash incentives(Lawler Boudreau, 2009). Remuneration pays a very vital role in employee motivation and engagement as it directly affects employee job satisfaction. Division of work also referred to as the division of labour is the process of dividing a task, job, contract or assignment into smaller tasks such that they can effectively be allocated among the available human resources(Hrtel Fujimoto, 2014). It plays a vital role in effective diversity and workforce management. Task 2-Organisational Profile and Principles of Management Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited is recognised as one of the largest scale British upholstery companies with 900 committed employees and a 400,000 sqft manufacturing capacity(Westbridge Furniture Designs, 2016). The company manufactures and services all their products in UK and ethically source their raw materials from vendors across the globe. The company has a functional organisational structure wherein employees are divided into smaller functional groups based on their specialisation and interests such as IT, marketing, finance etc(Westbridge Furniture Designs, 2016). The primary operations within the organisation include design and development, manufacturing, supply chain management, procurement, human resource management, sales and marketing, accounts and finance, and research and development. Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited aims at supplying the retailers with top quality and widest possible options in range of upholstered products and sofas in the shorted possible lead time so that they can satisfy the needs of most demanding and discerning of customers (British Furniture Manufacturers, 2011). The company effectively uses the four functions of management namely planning, organising, leading and controlling to achieve its goals(Bamford Forrester, 2010). During the planning phase the company formulates a future action plan, devises its strategies, establishes objectives and formulates a vision statement. They ensure that available human and non-human resources are effectively utilised to accomplish goals. During the organising phase the company allocates its resources, sources reliable vendors, establishes contract with vendors, orders the raw materials, prepares its manufacturing facilities for production, and keeps logistics ready for distribution of finished produ cts(Kamauff, 2009). The third function of management, leading ensures that company employees are motivated and engaged enough to deliver high level of commitment and contribution towards organisational goals. The fourth function of management, controlling help the company in monitoring its overall performance and productivity and control the quality of its final products. Task 3- Culture Management culture within an organisation is defined as a system of shared values, beliefs and assumptions which govern the individuals behave(Alvesson, 2012). Culture of an organisation determines the way in which individuals related to each other, to their jobs and to their external environment. Management culture directly influence the way employee within an organisation behave, dress, communicate, act and perform their jobs(Kratschmer, 2013). Management culture greatly contributes toward the development of unique social and psychological environment within the organisation. It is unique for every organisation and shows high resistance to change(Kratschmer, 2013). Management culture plays a vital role in determining employee level of motivation and commitment towards organisational goals which in turn determine the overall performance and productivity of the organisation as a whole. Role culture, task culture, people culture and entrepreneurial culture are the four main types of o rganisational culture. Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited has developed entrepreneurial organisation culture which enable the company motivate innovative behaviour among its employees which is the key to its success(Westbridge Furniture Designs, 2016). The company encourage its employees to actively participate in decision making process and openly share their ideas. Entrepreneurial culture empowers employees and makes them accountable for the work performed by them thus enhancing overall company performance. Innovation in design and development technologies helps the company manufacture furniture that is recognised for their unique design and high quality(Hrtel Fujimoto, 2014). Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited encourages two way communications wherein employees can communicate directly with top management about their ideas and concerns. The company has adopted profit sharing policy wherein every employee receives a pre-defined share of profit creating a sense of ownership among them(British Furnitu re Manufacturers, 2011). Management culture at Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited plays a vital role in enhancing employee motivation and engagement which in turn increase their commitment and contribution towards organisational goals and objectives. Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited ensures that the company remains highly commitment to ethical sourcing and selling and every employee irrespective of their position perform their tasks with honesty, integrity and respect for diversity. Task 4-Business Planning and Operations Planning is one of the four key management functions performed within an organisation(Alvesson, 2012). Planning process helps determining the goals and objectives of a team or the organisation. It is the process of determining in advance what tasks are to be performed, by whom, when, how and at what cost. Line managers within an organisation are primarily responsible for managing overall performance and productivity of individual employees or teams. They report to top management about the well-being and performance of the employees or teams they are managing(Kamauff, 2009). Line managers know the skills and capabilities of their people better and also are well aware of the needs that motivate them. They are aware of the process or tasks being performed by the team and its productivity levels. Engaging line managers in the process of planning ensures that the determined goals and objectives will be realistic and achievable. Line managers will help identifying factors that can motivate the employees and enhance their commitment and contribution towards organisational goals and objectives(Hrtel Fujimoto, 2014). Line managers will be able to provide a better resource forecasting and allocation data facilitating the planning process. External environment of an organisation comprise of those factors outside the organisation that affects its overall functioning and ability to perform(Armstrong, 2006). Government, customers, public opinion, economy and competition are the five key external factors that affect an organisations overall functionality. Strategic management tools such as PESTLE analysis and Porters five forces analysis help organisations in analysing their external environment(Hill Jones, 2012). PESTLE analysis involves analysing the political, economical, socio-cultural, technological, legal and ecological factors within which the company operates. Posters five forces analysis is carried out to understand the competitive landscape of an organisation by determining the threat it faces from new entrants, buyers, suppliers, competitors and substitutes present in its target market. Task 5-Communication Effective communication is considered as the driving force behind the success of the organisation and plays a vital role in employee motivation and engagement(Hrtel Fujimoto, 2014). It helps strengthening the interpersonal relationship between employers and employees. Two way communication within organisations alway help developing a relationship of trust within employers and employees which in turn leads to enhanced overall performance and productivity. However communication breakdown between managers and their employees is being considered as one of the most common management problems and have serious consequences. Communication breakdown leads to increased conflicts, unhealthy competition, negative organisational culture, politics, and de-motivation(Hrtel Fujimoto, 2014). Employees in this case experience job dissatisfaction and work related stress which leads to reduced performance and productivity. Communication breakdown if not managed properly result in serious threat to org anisational goals and objectives. Intranet, corporate instant messaging systems and team briefings are some of the most commonly used techniques and technologies that help organisations prevent and overcome communication breakdowns(Armstrong, 2006). Intranet is a private network used by organisations which is accessible only to their employees(Hrtel Fujimoto, 2014). Intranet allows employees to stay in contact with each other anytime anywhere. It gives employees and an opportunity to share their knowledge and experience with other employees on a real time basis. It helps organisations in effective employee engagement and conveying important information with easy. Team briefings are techniques that facilitate communication up and down the management structure within an organisation(Lawler Boudreau, 2009). Managers can effectively communicate important information, provide feedback and discuss concerns with their teams ensuring clarity of direction and information from the upper management. Task 6-Conclusion Organisational culture and effective communication greatly contribute towards the success of the organisation and play a very vital role in enhancing employee motivation and engagement which in turn leads to enhanced organisational effectiveness and efficiency. Planning, organising, leading and controlling are the four key management functions which must be carried out in an effective manner to ensure available resources are aligned in a proper manner to achieved desired organisational goals. Line managers must be engaged in the planning process as they are well aware of the skills, capabilities and motives of their employees and thus can help ensuring organisational goals and targets are realistic and achievable. References Alvesson, M., (2012) Understanding Organizational Culture. London: SAGE. Armstrong, M., (2006) A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Bamford, D. Forrester, P., (2010) Essential Guide to Operations Management. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. British Furniture Manufacturers, (2011) Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited. [Online] Available at: https://www.bfm.org.uk/consumers/directory/item/westbridge-furniture.html [Accessed 2016]. Hrtel, C. E. Fujimoto, Y., (2014) Human Resource Management. Sydney: Pearson Australia. Hill, C. W. L. Jones, G. R., (2012) Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. New York: Cengage Learning. Kamauff, J., (2009) Manager's Guide to Operations Management. Chicago: McGraw Hill Professional. Kratschmer, P., (2013) Organisational Culture Is Highly Resistant to Change - Discuss. Norderstedt: GRIN Verlag. Lawler, E. Boudreau, J. W., (2009) Achieving Excellence in Human Resources Management. Stanford University Press ed. Stanford: s.n. Miller, A. P., (2007) How to Manage Human Resource in Organizations. Maitland: Xulon Press. Westbridge Furniture Designs, (2016) Westbridge Furniture Designs. [Online] Available at: https://www.westbridgefurniture.com/# [Accessed 2016] Bibliography Alvesson, M., (2012) Understanding Organizational Culture. London: SAGE. Armstrong, M., (2006) A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Bamford, D. Forrester, P., (2010) Essential Guide to Operations Management. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. British Furniture Manufacturers, (2011) Westbridge Furniture Designs Limited. [Online] Available at: https://www.bfm.org.uk/consumers/directory/item/westbridge-furniture.html [Accessed 2016]. Hrtel, C. E. Fujimoto, Y., (2014) Human Resource Management. Sydney: Pearson Australia. Hill, C. W. L. Jones, G. R., (2012) Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. New York: Cengage Learning. Kamauff, J., (2009) Manager's Guide to Operations Management. Chicago: McGraw Hill Professional. Kratschmer, P., (2013) Organisational Culture Is Highly Resistant to Change - Discuss. Norderstedt: GRIN Verlag. Lawler, E. Boudreau, J. W., (2009) Achieving Excellence in Human Resources Management. Stanford University Press ed. Stanford: s.n. Miller, A. P., (2007) How to Manage Human Resource in Organizations. Maitland: Xulon Press. Westbridge Furniture Designs, (2016) Westbridge Furniture Designs. [Online] Available at: https://www.westbridgefurniture.com/# [Accessed 2016].

Assination of JFK essays

Assination of JFK essays The history altering election of November 8,1960 made JFK the youngest president ever elected at the age of 43, and the first Roman Catholic president. JFK became a name that everyone recognized as a fair and restrained leader. In this election JFK slid just passed the Republican candidate, Richard Nixon, in what was the closest battle for office since 1916. JFK was born in Brookline Massachusetts, a suburb of Boston, on May 29, 1917. He was born second into a family of nine children, to Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. and Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy. His wealthy family had many tragedies, including the loss of Joseph Jr. who died while on a mission in World War II, and his sister Kathleen who died in a plane crash in France in 1948. In 1926 the Kennedy family moved to New York City, then to Bronxville, NY a short time latter. Kennedy's father served in politics for many years. Kennedy, like his father served politics also. In 1946 Kennedy became a candidate for the Democratic nomination of the House from Massachusetts' eleventh Congressional District and was elected in 1947 and served until 1953, in 1952 Kennedy decided to run against incumbent Senator Henry Cabot Lodge for the United Sates Senate in the November election. Kennedy fought a strenuous campaign and in 1953 took his seat in the Senate until 1961. On September 12, 1953 Kennedy married Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, the daughter of John V. Bouvier, and stepdaughter of Hugh D. Auchincloss. He served in the Senate until 1961 when he was elected President of the United States of America. On November 8, 1960 Kennedy defeated Nixon by a vote of 34,277,096 to 34,107,646, a difference of 169,450. Kennedy had won the election with 50.1% of the nation's votes. Kennedy was inaugurated as the thirty-fifth President of the United Sates on January 20, 1961. In his address, he pledged to dedicate the energy and sacrifice of a new generation and new ...

Aftermath of World War 1 - Treaty of Versailles

Aftermath of World War 1 - Treaty of Versailles The World Comes to Paris In the wake of the November 11, 1918 armistice which ended hostilities on the Western Front, Allied leaders gathered in Paris to begin negotiations over the peace treaties that would formally conclude the war. Convening in the Salle de lHorloge at the French Foreign Ministry on January 18, 1919, the talks initially included leaders and representatives from over thirty nations. To this crowd was added a host of journalists and lobbyists from a variety of causes. While this unwieldy mass took part in the early meetings, it was President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Britain, Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau of France, and Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando of Italy who came to dominate the talks. As defeated nations, Germany, Austria, and Hungary were prohibited from attending, as was Bolshevik Russia which was in the midst of a civil war. Wilsons Goals Arriving in Paris, Wilson became the first president to travel to Europe while in office. The basis for Wilsons position at the conference was his Fourteen Points which had been instrumental in securing the armistice. Key among these was freedom of the seas, equality of trade, arms limitation, self-determination of peoples, and the formation of the League of Nations to mediate future disputes. Believing that he had an obligation to be a prominent figure at the conference, Wilson endeavored to create a more open and liberal world where democracy and liberty would be respected. French Concerns for the Conference While Wilson sought a softer peace for Germany, Clemenceau and the French wished to permanently weaken their neighbor economically and militarily. In addition to the return of Alsace-Lorraine, which had been taken by Germany following the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871), Clemenceau argued in favor of heavy war reparations and the separation of the Rhineland to create buffer state between France and Germany. Furthermore, Clemenceau sought British and American assurances of aid should Germany ever attack France. The British Approach While Lloyd George supported the need for war reparations, his goals for the conference were more specific than his American and French allies. Concerned first and foremost for the preservation of the British Empire, Lloyd George sought to settle territorial issues, ensure the security of France, and remove the threat of the German High Seas Fleet. While he favored the formation of the League of Nations, he discouraged Wilsons call for self-determination as it could adversely affect Britains colonies. Italys Goals The weakest of the four major victorious powers, Italy sought to ensure that it received the territory that it had been promised by the Treaty of London in 1915. This largely consisted of the Trentino, Tyrol (including Istria and Trieste), and the Dalmatian coast excluding Fiume. Heavy Italian losses and a severe budget deficit as a result of the war led to a belief that these concessions had been earned. During the talks in Paris, Orlando was constantly hampered by his inability to speak English. The Negotiations For the early part of the conference, many of the key decisions were made by the Council of Ten which was comprised of the leaders and foreign ministers of the United States, Britain, France, Italy, and Japan. In March, it was decided that this body was too unwieldy to be effective. As a result, many of the foreign ministers and nations left conference, with talks continuing between Wilson, Lloyd George, Clemenceau, and Orlando. Key among the departures was Japan, whose emissaries were angered by a lack of respect and the conferences unwillingness to adopt a racial equality clause for the Covenant of the League of Nations. The group shrank further when the Italy was offered Trentino to the Brenner, the Dalmatian port of Zara, the island of Lagosta, and a few small German colonies in lieu of what was originally promised. Irate over this and the groups unwillingness to give Italy Fiume, Orlando departed Paris and returned home. As the talks progressed, Wilson was increasingly unable to garner acceptance of his Fourteen Points. In an effort to appease the American leader, Lloyd George and Clemenceau consented to the formation of the League of Nations. With several of the participants goals conflicting, the talks moved slowly and ultimately produced a treaty which failed to please any of the nations involved. On April 29, a German delegation, led by Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau, was summoned to Versailles to receive the treaty. Upon learning of the content, the Germans protested that they had not been allowed to participate in the talks. Deeming the treatys terms a violation of honor, they withdrew from the proceedings. Terms of the Treaty of Versailles The conditions imposed upon Germany by the Treaty of Versailles were severe and wide-ranging. Germanys military was to be limited to 100,000 men, while the once formidable Kaiserliche Marine was reduced to no more than six battleships (not to exceed 10,000 tons), 6 cruisers, 6 destroyers, and 12 torpedo boats. In addition, production of military aircraft, tanks, armored cars, and poison gas was prohibited. Territorially, Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France, while numerous other changes reduced Germanys size. Key among these was the loss of West Prussia to the new nation of Poland while Danzig was made a free city to ensure Polish access to the sea. The province of Saarland was transferred to League of Nations control for a period of fifteen years. At the end of this period, a plebiscite was to determine whether it returned to Germany or was made part of France. Financially, Germany was issued a war reparations bill totaling  £6.6 billion (later reduced to  £4.49 billion in 1921). This number was determined by the Inter-Allied Reparations Commission. While Wilson took a more conciliatory view on this issue, Lloyd George had worked to increase the demanded amount. The reparations required by the treaty included not only money, but a variety of goods such as steel, coal, intellectual property, and agricultural produce. This mixed approach was an effort to prevent hyperinflation in postwar Germany which would decrease the value of the reparations. Several legal restrictions were also imposed, most notably Article 231 which laid sole responsibility for the war on Germany. A controversial part of the treaty, its inclusion had been opposed by Wilson and it became known as the War Guilt Clause. Part 1 of the treaty formed the Covenant of the League of Nations which was to govern the new international organization. German Reaction Signing In Germany, the treaty provoked universal outrage, particularly Article 231. Having concluded the armistice in expectation of a treaty embodying the Fourteen Points, Germans took to the streets in protest. Unwilling to sign it, the nations first democratically-elected chancellor, Philipp Scheidemann, resigned on June 20 forcing Gustav Bauer to form a new coalition government. Assessing his options, Bauer was soon informed that army was not capable of offering meaningful resistance. Lacking any other options, he dispatched Foreign Minister Hermann Mà ¼ller and Johannes Bell to Versailles. The treaty was signed in the Hall of Mirrors, where the German Empire had been proclaimed in 1871, on June 28. It was ratified by the National Assembly on July 9. Allied Reaction to the Treaty Upon release of the terms, many in France were displeased and believed that Germany had been treated too leniently. Among those who commented was Marshal Ferdinand Foch who predicted with eerie precision that This is not Peace. It is an Armistice for twenty years. As a result of their displeasure, Clemenceau was voted out of office in January 1920. While the treaty was better received in London, it ran into strong opposition in Washington. The Republican chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, worked vigorously to block its ratification. Believing that Germany had been let off too easily, Lodge also opposed the United States participation in the League of Nations on constitutional grounds. As Wilson had intentionally excluded Republicans from his peace delegation and refused to consider Lodges changes to the treaty, the opposition found strong support in Congress. Despite Wilsons efforts and appeals to the public, the Senate voted against the tr eaty on November 19, 1919. The US formally made peace through the Knox-Porter Resolution which was passed in 1921. Though Wilsons League of Nations moved forward, it did so without American participation and never became an effective arbiter of world peace. The Map Changed While the Treaty of Versailles ended conflict with Germany, the Treaties of Saint-German and Trianon concluded the war with Austria and Hungary. With the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire a wealth of new nations took shape in addition to the separation of Hungary and Austria. Key among these was Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. To the north, Poland emerged as an independent state as did Finland, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. In the east, the Ottoman Empire made peace through the Treaties of Sà ¨vres and Lausanne. Long the sick man of Europe, the Ottoman Empire was reduced in size to Turkey, while France and Britain were given mandates over Syria, Mesopotamia, and Palestine. Having aided the aided in defeating the Ottomans, the Arabs were given their own state to the south. A Stab in the Back As the postwar Germany (Weimer Republic) moved forward, resentment over the end of the war and the Treaty of Versailles continued to fester. This coalesced in the stab-in-the back legend which stated that Germanys defeat was not the fault of the military but rather due to a lack of support at home from anti-war politicians and the sabotaging of the war effort by Jews, Socialists, and Bolsheviks. As such, these parties were seen to have stabbed the military in the back as it fought the Allies. The myth was given further credence by the fact that German forces had won the war on the Eastern Front and were still on French and Belgian soil when the armistice was signed. Resonating among conservatives, nationalists, and former-military, the concept became a powerful motivating force and was embraced by the emerging National Socialist Party (Nazis). This resentment, coupled with the economic collapse of Germany due to reparation-caused hyperinflation during the 1920s, facilitated the rise of the Nazis to power under Adolf Hitler. As such, the Treaty of Versailles may be seen as leading to many of the causes of World War II in Europe. As Foch had feared, the treaty simply served as a twenty-year armistice with World War II beginning in 1939.

WSJ Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

WSJ Article Review - Essay Example nd ambition (Fairclough, 2009)† in China represents purchasing power and the fittest customer profile that comprises Ford’s strategy in the country. â€Å"Mei,† as the marketing executives coined this group, means beautiful in Chinese. According to the article, Mei is comprised of the â€Å"twenty-something, college-educated single women (Fairclough).† Furthermore, Mei â€Å"earns 880 to $1,500 a month and wants her first car (Fairclough).† The point of view of the target market â€Å"Mei† is showcased by the individual answers of the members of the target market when asked about their lifestyle. â€Å"Mei’s† stance on living and her view of herself is coined by these answers from the members of the target market. This article is very important to marketing management as it highlights the marketing practices of organizations. By showing certain organizations take the theory and put into real life situations, results can be evaluated afterward in order to strengthen the theories that the company has used. Targeting is shown in the article as the company chooses â€Å"Mei† and coins her into a certain group comprising the same demographics and psychographics which are likely to purchase the product. The logic of choosing the target market first, then probing their lifestyle and knowing them well through consumer research such as Ford’s immersion event is shown in relation to the crafting of appropriate marketing communications plan in order to build a position in the target market’s mind. The article incorporates contemporary trends of marketing that links between consumer behavior through research, marketing strategy, branding and integrated marketing communication in fulfillment of a corporate objective for the company. The logic of the article can be traced back to looking for the right target market, where Ford has chosen â€Å"Mei.† Then, by doing innovative consumer research such as the immersion event apart from the pluralistic researches that

Case Study On A Patient With Necrotic Fasciitis Essay

Case Study On A Patient With Necrotic Fasciitis - Essay Example It spreads easily on the focal plane within the affected tissue. Depending on their origin, they can be categorized as poly or microbial. The monomicrobial infections occur due to group A streptococcus. It is common among the healthiest individuals, and those who historically experienced such cases such as trauma, intravenous drug, and surgery. Studies indicate that the post-operative necrotizing fasciitis accounts for twenty eight percent of all the other cases (Davis et al, 2008) . As noted by Chsn, Withey, and Butler (2006) 3 percent of wound infection occur as a result of a vein stripping, and saphenofemoral junction. Other studies showed that incidences of NF have increased and there occurance rate is thought to range between 0.4 to 0.53 each year in the U.S (Anaya & Dellinger, 2006). Worth noting, is the fact that both pre-existing co-morbidities, the young and healthy persons are affected. Various studies have explored this area, however, early diagnosis for a satisfactory tre atment is still a challenge (Balaji, 2008; Anaya & Dellinger, 2006; Cha & Falanga, 2007). With a view to close up this gap, this paper explores the case study of a twenty one year old woman with a history of Knee trivial injury (Diagram 1). The patient was first treated and admitted for septic arthritis. It was followed by diagnosing her with necrotizing fasciitis, which was treated successfully. Background information. NF or the Necrotizing fasciitis involves a soft tissue severe infection reported to rapidly progress into the human tissue (Balaji, 2008). The disease progresses into the subcutaneous and fascia tissues and in some cases can affect the skin and other muscles. From the 18th century, this rare infection has been identified by different names such as hospital gangrene, Foutnier’s gangrene, phagedena gangrenosum, and the Meleney’s gangrene (Ahn, Mulligan, & Salcido, 2008). Ahn, Mulligan, & Salcido, 2008), Anaya & Dellinger, 2006). This disease is common to individuals with immune systems that are compromised after some chronic illness. A good number of infections are as a result of organisms which can be found in the skin of an individual (Chan, Withey, & Butler, 2006). The disease occurs in those individuals having an apparent normal condition. It starts locally at the trauma site which could be minor, non-apparent, or even severe. The patients have been reported to have pain complaints, which may appear excessive even from the extern skin appearance. The patients, on the other hand, have been reported to display signs such as fever, inflammation, and tachycardia (Balaji, 2008. The Case study. A twenty one year old woman from an emergency department of a different hospital was referred to the orthopedic unit. The patient had no co-morbidities, and had a trivial injury history of her right knee. Accidentally, she hit his right knee to a wall some days back, thus sustaining an abrasion on the knee. She complained of pain on her knee th e following day hence being forced to stop working. The pain increased during the night, and was forced to attend the department of emergency the following day. She had been referred to the emergency unit with suspicions of cullulitis or sepatic arthritis. When she arrived, she had a systematically stable and a febrile though considerable pain. Her joint had reduced movements, but increased pain. The vascular and the neurological limb examinations of the patient were

Psychic Bisexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Psychic Bisexuality - Essay Example He insisted that nothing about sex could be understood without taking an account of " universal bisexuality of human beings" (1950 179). Psychoneuroses analysis gave him the confirmation of the "postulated existence of an innate bisexual disposition in man" (1908 165-166). For Freud the concept of bisexuality "embarrasses all our enquiries into the subject and makes them harder to describe" (1940a 188). The concept of bisexuality by Freud were based on the understanding that "all human beings are capable of making a homosexual object-choice" (Freud, 1905,) fn p. 56), "Bisexuality is a possibility" (Smith) in many cases due to varies reasons. Biological sources gave birth to Freud's theory of bisexuality. Freud explains the boy's wish to be with father as mother during oedipal complex and the untimely sense of phallic activity during pre-oedipal stage, which is a part of their biological disposition. The basic of psychoanalysis is masochism, refined by Freud. He introduced three kinds of masochism, and feminine masochism, "an expression of the feminine being nature" (p. 161) is required here. It is when an individual inflicts and receives pain during sex and situations like, "being castrated, or copulated with, or giving birth to a baby" (p. 162) are crucial to masochism. Women's beating fantasies also urged Freud to produce the theory of "feminine masochism." Freud was very complicated when it came to gender discussions. He also linked this theory with passivity and called it a "biological fact." He continued that, "Passivity is not a whole of masochism." But it is a major part of it. Men are considered active and passivity is a women's thing. He initiated "feminine" and "moral" factors as secondary masochism. Basically what I gather from his thinking is that passivity is owned by women and that is why her capability of masochism gives her the power to love selflessly as a wome n and mother. He also considered it as a part of the sexual pleasure which is intense. According to Freud a crucial point he insisted on is that mutation during development may also result in masochism. What is feminine maturity and why is it more complicated then masculine maturity Similar yet so different tasks are taken by boys and girls on the way to maturity. This path to maturity constitute of the pre-oedipal, oedipal and post oedipal period. Freud said that "variations in the chronological order and in the linking up of these [pre to post oedipal] events are bound to have a very important bearing on the development of the individual". (Freud 1931 p.79). Freud clarifies the focus of Psychoanalysis in his essay feminity by Freud, "sets about inquiring how she comes into being, how a woman develops out of a child with a bisexual disposition." And he further says, "Undoubtedly, the material is different to start with in boys and girls: the difference in the structure of the genitals is accompanied by other bodily differences". Freud insisted that the sexual development of a girl into a woman is far more complicated than that of a boy. And "it includes two extra tasks to which there is nothing corresponding in the development of a man." He explains, "she must find a way to give up

Impression Management (IM) functionality and effectiveness

Impression Management (IM) functionality and effectiveness Abstract-When a person intentionally changes or modifies his behavior to better suit himself in a particular situation; it is known as Impression Management the process whereby people try to change or influence the image others have on them. Some psychologists argue that personality change happens within the same individual all the time because people do not have a core personality. As an alternative, they have multiple selves of which they show different behavior during different situations. A successful person is the one who strategically presents these different behaviors to gain good deeds from different audiences. This rather extreme analysis is not widely held because there is a lot of data to show that all of us do have a core personality, and that our core personality remains consistent most of our lives. Studies have proven that every interviewee will intend to use some type of Impression Management (IM) while attending to a structured interview session. This study examines interviewees compassion to Impression Management (IM) during a prearranged interview session by determining the comparative significance which the interviewee is connected to. Both verbal and nonverbal Impression Management (IM) are measured up to relatively significance that it affixes to prearranged competencies based on social role theory. Keywords Job interviews, Impression Management (IM), Interviewee and Social Role Theory. I. INTRODUCTION Impression Management (IM), based on Erving Goffman [6], the founder of the dramaturgical approach, life is like a play, and we each perform for others: once a person shows business as an element, his or her determinations unconditionally requests his or her spectators to take seriously the impression that is fostered before them. Almost every organization conducts at least one interview before making employment decisions. Impression Management (IM) from interviewees point of view is a very crucial factor that might have an effect on interview ratings. Interviewers are well aware of interviewees who exploit Impression Management (IM). Interviewees try to create a constructive impression.[2] There are some typical examples of Impression Management (IM) during interviews, which includes verbal self-promotion; I am a very hard-working employee.[6] There are some examples of typical non-verbal behaviors like, looking smart by wearing smart professional attire and smiling gestures as well as welcoming body posture. Until now, usage of self-focused IM is the most effective method. Whenever an interviewee uses self-promoting statements, which illustrate the interviewee has desirable qualities for the post the interviewee attends interview for. [12] This is considered as a self-focused tactics which will evoke attribu tions of competence. This self-promoting tactics mainly will appeal to interviewers as a shortcut method during information exchange process and attribute interviewees behavior towards internal causes. Further on, Impression Management (IM) with defensive tactics, example such as excuses and apologies will put forth comparable effects. [5] These self-protective tactics express fundamental acknowledgments of unconstructive measures away from the interviewee or even change the magnitude of such fundamental attributions. [2] II. IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT (IM): A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS REVIEW BASED ON SOCIAL ROLE THEORY Every interviewee alters his or her behavior and personality in the presence of others in an attempt to create an explicit impression on their interviewer.[6] Consequently, interviewee may create specific impressions on different group of interviewer ; example hiring manager may seek a different self-presentation from the interviewee, compared to a human resource administrator who will be enthusiastic to understand interviewees Impression Management (IM) from behavioral point of view.[3] As a result, during an interview session, interviewee has to determine his or her special objective for the interaction. The most frequent type of Impression Management (IM) attempts is verbal self-promotions; the statements an interviewee makes concerning his or her skills and abilities. These types of statements are considered either assertive (interviewee initiated) or defensive (interviewee response to interviewer assumptions). Assertive self-promotion is characterized as self-focused statement that indicates the interviewee has necessary skills, abilities and positive characteristics. Both assertive and defensive IM are dominion of Impression Management (IM) which can be best described as the association principles, where interviewee try to proclaim with desirable images[10] but however disclaim any undesirable images.[5] Nevertheless, usage of assertive Impression Management (IM) tactics are drastically higher compared to defensive type of Impression Management (IM). Impression Management (IM) Tactics Impression Management (IM) is defined as a type of conscious or unconscious attempt to control metaphors that are projected in any type of social interactions. Repeatedly, Impression Management (IM) results in some behaviors. This includes usage of verbal statements, expressive behaviors, and nonverbal behavior and also in integrated behavior patterns, jointly in modification of ones physical appearance. [12] At some point in interview sessions, most of the interviewees do not differ immensely in their dress code and they also have limited ability to take benefit of integrated behavior blueprint. This situation leaves verbal and nonverbal behaviors as most ubiquitous means of managing impression. [7] Researchers mainly focused on verbal IM behavior, which can be split into two extensive categories of tactics; which are assertive IM tactics and defensive IM tactics. [16] Assertive IM Tactics Assertive Impression Management (IM) methods are used to assert the illustration that is preferred at any particular time.[8] This management method is used by interviewees to establish a particular identity but not simply imprudent to situational demands.[1] There are many type of assertive Impression Management (IM) projection, most notably, interviewees will trail Impression Management (IM) method by wearing a particular outfit or may try to project a virtue statement in order to make an impression on the interviewer.[4] Assertive-strategic element has been identified as most directly linked with nonverbal communication. This element is frequently used by interviewee to build attraction, status, prestige, credibility or trust worthiness in the interviewers eyes. Assertive IM tactics are always used to achieve a particular identity by approving constructive impressions and hold self-promoting and ingratiation tactics. [12] Self-promoting tactics are behaviors intended to suggest attributions of competence rather than attractiveness. Normally, interviewee will promote perceptions of competence through the usage of certain precise self-promoting utterances, enhancements, overcoming obstacles and entitlements. All these are sub-categories of the whole self-promoting behaviors. [12] Throughout precise self-promoting utterances, the interviewees effort to convince the interviewer that he or she has positive qualities and behaviors. [13] Self-promoting is very useful for interviewee to respond on experience-based questions. [3] Ingratiation tactics are known as behaviors, intended to evoke interpersonal liking and attraction, which is significantly used at a higher ratio when interviewee answers situational questions. One of the types of ingratiation is opinion conformity, whereby interviewee expresses his or her opinions, values and beliefs. Second structure of ingratiation is enhancement, by which interviewee expresses favorable evaluation. Defensive IM Tactics Defensive Impression Management (IM) techniques are backward-looking and applied in certain condition, whereby interviewee is being recognized with negative behaviors or characteristics which are linked with an impression they do not want to.[1] Thus, the interviewee will make effort to deny the image. This would be a justification for any deprived quality of work the interviewee may have done in his or her previous job. As a consequence, defensive technique will help interviewee to uphold a positive reputation. [4] If assertive (IM) tactics are considered to strengthen interviewees image, defensive (IM) tactics are considered to project and revamp interviewees image. [7] Researchers, have identified a few types of defensive tactics which include apologies, justifications and excuses. As an example, for any type of negative behavior, excuses are claims that interviewee is not responsible for the act. [9] However, justifications involve accepting responsibility for any type of negative outcome but propose the negative outcome is not as bad as it seems. On the other hand, apologies take it one step further by accepting responsibility for any negative behavior, with acknowledgement that certain trial were intolerable and it must be penalized.[12] When Impression Management (IM) is Effective? IM usage and involvement during interview is very crucial. Therefore, it is important to understand the correlation between these different aspects of an interview process which will be helpful for Human Resource administrators, to understand how Impression Management (IM) will take effect during employment interviews. [8] This is important in order for the associated interviewer from Human Resource Department to be able to eliminate the negative effects of Impression Management (IM) usage. [8] Whilst personality of an interviewee is measured prior to any interview processes, interviewer will be able to determine the extent of changes by using different personality traits the interviewee portray.[13] As an example, highly philanthropic individuals tend to be less paying attention on themselves. Consequently, they are more likely to use Impression Management (IM) behaviors which will be only related to ingratiating themselves with others, rather than using IM for self-promoting or merely for defensive excuses. Correspondingly, many self-disciplined potential interviewees are more likely to prepare for interviews and contribute additional time and effort on how they will react in responding to credible questions during an interview session.[11] (IM) Tactics application in Structured Interviews It has been suggested by researchers that interviews offer both interviewee and interviewer the best fitted opportunity to deal with their impressions because both groups will be attempting to fit the needs of the interviews offer. There are a number of experimental studies which uphold this statement by clearly indicating Impression Management (IM) tactics do, in fact, appear quite repeatedly during any type of employment interview situations. [17] Normally, IM tactics are used in unstructured interviews. There are very few researches done to study the dynamics of IM tactics used throughout a structured interview. However, structured interviews contain a number of components that have the capacity to reduce any type of IM tactics. [1] Social Role Theory Human-being, both men and women soak up diverse roles in the communal order (example, contributor, and caregiver) and through these roles; they learn diverse skills and way of life that relate to communal behavior. Both men and women are together subject to different normative expectations for behavior. According to communal role, these theory leads to different behaviors on the part of men and women. Men are anticipated to be more vigorous (example, assertive, controlling, independent), and women are projected to be more mutual and compassionate (example, concerned for the welfare of others, interpersonally sensitive, emotionally expressive). [13] The implication of this hypothesis for Impression Management (IM) in organizations is that men and women may both perform in a different way and be anticipated to perform in a diverse manner in a workplace (example, men may feel normative stress to be assertive, and women may feel normative stress to be fostering). Therefore, gender role prospect carry over to the types of jobs considered suitable for men and women as well as to the perception of behavior of men and women in organizational situations. For an example, a nurse is seen as a feminine-typed job, and a doctor is seen as a manly- typed job. In addition, forcefulness in a man is observed as a gender fitting behavior, while a forceful woman is seen as violating gender-based expectations for behavior which may reflect of as an offensive manner. [7] Social roles impact Impression Management (IM) because they establish normative expectations for individual behavior. As a consequence, we would anticipate that normative expectations for behavior should vary both by the organizational background as well as the characteristics of the communications. For instance, although self-promotion is considered suitable for a job interview, [12] a woman who engages in self-promotion may be perceived as violating feminine gender role-custom since self-promotion is not a feminine characteristic. This observable fact has been termed the backlash consequence. III. DISCUSSION Based on the analysis from existing articles, Impression Management (IM) is an application applied by numerous type of community, especially those who has to grow to become interviewees, even when it is for a very short period of time. Impression Management (IM) has continued to operate as a vital part in interviewees profession growth no matter if the interviewee is a male or a female. What actually makes the difference between the usage of Impression Management (IM) between a man and a woman is the way, how the community the interviewee lives in, interprets it. Community used to think IM usage should be more constructive for man when judged against a woman. But in the present area of drastic changes in human-beings civilization, both male and female are treated far more equally compared to two decades before. The principally significant discovery is the significance of IM tactics which is comparatively small as measured up to the significance of close to job-related competencies. Consequently, capability ratings are more important in determining on the whole evaluations than interviewees Impression Management (IM) tactics. Therefore, it is a vital discovery as it is originated from both examples. Nevertheless, it has placed emphasis on capability ratings; these do not suggest the impact of IM is insignificant. As an alternative, results propose the impact of IM must be put in a broader perception as it appears to be comparatively smaller to other cues. It should be renowned, despite the fact, the high degree of interview formation might have reduced personality differences among interviewers and consequently the prospective usefulness effects of familiarity. There is a saying that one should not blow his own trumpet, but IM is actually an essential avenue whereby, one can share the achievements and contributions to society in large and business organization on a close-up viewpoint. Most of the time, this is done by interviewee who has provided evidence which is based on integrity and reliability. Interviewer on the listening side has sufficient access to verify the genuineness of each and every testimonial shared by interviewee during an interview session. For an example, a knowledgeable interviewer should be able to justify an interviewees statement while looking at the interviewees body language and eye-contact as well as by validating both assertive and defensive amount of IM used by the interviewee. When there is an over use of Defensive IM, interviewers will have a high chance of detecting the interviewees lack of honesty and this may tarnish the interviewees image as well as his or her job prospect in other companies Having said so, Impression Management (IM), occasionally called as strategic communication, refers to the strategies used by organizations to create, maintain, or improve their public image. In this case, IM is a crucial strategy used by both interviewer and interviewee during interview which at many occasions plays as the ice-breaker between hiring manager and his new prospective new joiner. Impression Management (IM) strategies are characterized by their self-serving methodology. A strategy that is self-serving is typified by one taking credit for positive outcomes and placing blame on others for negative outcomes. The usage of Impression Management (IM) can actually deform the results of experimental research that relies on interviews and surveys, a phenomenon vastly referred to as communal desirability bias. Moreover, Impression Management (IM) hypothesis affirms that every individual from any type of organization must establish and maintain impressions that are very similar with the idea they share or exchange with the interviewer. Nevertheless, the idea of perception in reality is the basis for this social psychology hypothesis. In conclusion, one must examine closely the interviewer-interviewee interaction processes in order to comprehend the particular IM tactics being used at any particular instance. IV. CONCLUSION This article is a conceptual research that utilizes literature review and analysis approach to analyze and interpret Impression Management (IM) functionality effectiveness in acing Job Interviews: A Qualitative Review based on Social Role Theory.[9] Throughout an extremely competitive business environment, a number of factors can contribute to ones success or failure; clearly some of these factors involve gender differences in nonverbal communication.[15] The employment interview is a defining point in a process leading to a specific outcome; one is either being hired or being redundant. During such a pivotal situation, it is possible to evaluate the impact of gender nonverbal factors on the impressions created and the final employment resolution. [7] It is the challenge of organizational theory, research and practice to further improve the organizations ability to differentiate between desirable behavior and Impression Management (IM) behavior, and consequently to find better ways to encourage one without promoting the other, through the planning of organizational systems and leadership.[3] The findings help to broaden our understanding of the behaviors in which organizational norms affect working class behaviors at work, suggesting that employees specifically attempt to impress their relevant reference groups and create impressions that are consistent with organizational norms and expectations To conclude, this paper is intended to further enhance theoretical understanding of IM performance, recognizing tendencies in IM, addressing the impact of IM competencies and understanding how IM develops over time. Impression Management (IM) is a dynamic process that occurs continuously during interpersonal interactions. [14] As individuals interact with one another, they frequently search for cues or signals that indicate how others distinguish themselves from others, which includes the perception of the hiring manager towards his or her most prospective new joiner into his or her organization. [5] V. REFERENCES Aleksander P. J. Ellis, Bradley J. West, and Richard P. DeShon The Use of Impression Management (IM) Tactics in Structured Interviews: A Function of Question Type?, Journal of Applied Psychology 2002, Vol. 87, No. 6, 1200-1208. Amos, D and Nurit, Z. Impression Management (IM) behavior: effects of the organizational system, Journal of Managerial Psychology Vol. 22 No 3, 2007 pp 290-308 Belen, B. V., Jose Antonio, V. G., Pillar Fernandez, Ferrin. and Ma Luisa del, Rio, A. Impression Management (IM) tactics and affective context: influence on sales performance appraisal, European Journal of Marketing Vol. 41 No. 5/6, 2007 pp. 624-639 Brennan Daniel Cox Differential Functioning by High and Low Impression Management (IM) Groups on a Big Five Applicant Screening Tool, 2010, Auburn University, Alabama. Daniel, S. W., David, L. V. R., Chockalingam, V. and Alexander, A. The susceptibility of a mixed model measure of emotional intelligence to faking: A Solomon four-group design, Psychology Science Quarterly, Volume 50, 2008 (1), p. 44-63 Erving Goffman, Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, 1959, Doubleday Anchor Books; Doubleday Company, Inc. Filip, L. and Helga, P. Interviewers Sensitivity to Impression Management (IM) Tactics in Structured Interviews, European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2008; Vol. 24(3):174-180 Gabriel Giordano and Christopher Furner Individual Determinants of Media Choice for Deception, 2007, SIGHCI 2007 Proceedings. Joanne Silvester, Fiona M. Anderson-Gough, Neil R. Anderson and Afandi R. Mohamed, Locus of control, attributions and Impression Management (IM) in the selection interview, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 2002, 75, 59-76. JoAnne, Yong-Kwan, L., Laku, C. and Traci, C. Impression Management (IM) and Leadership Emergence in Virtual Settings: The Role of Gender and Media, 2008, The University of Oklahoma, USA. Joyce, H., Paul, B. and Robert, H. Personality Measurement, Faking, and Employment Selection, Journal of Applied Psychology 2007, Vol. 92, No, 5, 1270-1285 Kathleen, D. Vohs, Roy, F. Baumeister and Natalie J. Ciarocco, Self-Regulation and Self-Presentation: Regulatory Resource Depletion Impairs Impression Management (IM) and Effortful Self-Presentation Depletes Regulatory Resources, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2005, Vol. 88, No. 4, 632-657. Nathan, C. Hall, Shannan, E. Jackson, Thomas, G., and Lauren E. Musu-Gillette, Attribution Retraining, Self-esteem, and the Job Interview: Benefits and Risks for College Student Employment, 2010, Heldref Publications. Niamh, B., Encarna, G-S. and Aileen, P. Impression Management (IM): developing and illustrating a scheme of analysis for narrative disclosures a methodological note, UCD Business Schools, WP 08 / 06. Rebecca Vickers Nonverbal Communication in the Employment Interview: Gender Differences in Impression Management (IM) Techniques, honors.csustan.edu/journals/Soundings/Vickers.pdf Rosanna, E. G. and Robert, B. C. Gender Differences in Impression Management (IM) in Organizations: A Qualitative Review, 2007, Sex Roles DOI 10.1007/s11199-007-9187-3. Rose, A. Mueller-Hanson, Eric, D. Heggestad and George, C. Thornton III. Individual differences in Impression Management (IM): an exploration of the psychological processes underlying faking, Psychology Science, Volume 48, 2006 (3), p. 288-312

What I Expect From a University Education Essay -- Essays Papers

University Education Expectations "Sarah Dalton...," I heard my name called. My new professor requested that I stand up to present my speech, and the entire class turned to focus on me. With my hands shaking and body trembling in fear, I made my way to the front of the room. I could feel 30 strange pairs of eyes burning into me like hot needles, and the first words of my professor reverberated in my head. "This isn't high school. You're a college student now!" I stared back into my new classmates' faces, and it finally hit me. I was now at a point in my life where I could make my own decisions. This inspired me to further contemplate my realization. I began to ask myself, "Now that I'm in college, what type of education do I expect from SOU in terms of a higher education?" My thoughts eventually focused on three main points: professors should present themselves as equal guides and learners, rather than simply dictating information to passive learners; students should have the ability to learn in an unprejudiced envir onment; and the university should provide opportunities for ind... What I Expect From a University Education Essay -- Essays Papers University Education Expectations "Sarah Dalton...," I heard my name called. My new professor requested that I stand up to present my speech, and the entire class turned to focus on me. With my hands shaking and body trembling in fear, I made my way to the front of the room. I could feel 30 strange pairs of eyes burning into me like hot needles, and the first words of my professor reverberated in my head. "This isn't high school. You're a college student now!" I stared back into my new classmates' faces, and it finally hit me. I was now at a point in my life where I could make my own decisions. This inspired me to further contemplate my realization. I began to ask myself, "Now that I'm in college, what type of education do I expect from SOU in terms of a higher education?" My thoughts eventually focused on three main points: professors should present themselves as equal guides and learners, rather than simply dictating information to passive learners; students should have the ability to learn in an unprejudiced envir onment; and the university should provide opportunities for ind...

Grill Rite Case Study Essay

There are five issues that are relevant.†¨The president’s stance on steady output conflicts with seasonal demand. However, it is unlikely that this will change. The main problem is inventory management. One advantage of having a single, centralized warehouse is the lower need for safety stock due to the canceling effect of random variability in orders from the various regions. Conversely, with separate warehouses, each warehouse needs a relatively larger safety stock to guard against variations in demand. This would enable the centralized warehouse to see what the regional warehouses are stocking and also review their historical demand patterns and future customer forecasts. The fact that the regional warehouses have increased their order size but customer service has not improved reflects that the â€Å"wrong† inventory items are very likely being ordered. Relevant costs would include transaction costs, transportation costs, versus the potential increase in profit by making up a shortage. Other issues include the following: ISSUE ONE: One alternative might be to identify a complementary product that would offset seasonal demand for electric grills. ISSUE TWO: What is needed is overall control of the system that would take into account seasonal variations in demand and achieve a better match between regional demand and supply. This might involve making or improving regional forecasts. In any case, improved system visibility is essential: direct access to regional warehouse data by the main warehouse is needed in order to be able to coordinate and set priorities on inventory shipments to regional warehouses. ISSUE THREE: It is also necessary to examine the feasibility of shipping from one warehouse to another when a shortage occurs. ISSUE FOUR: Develop a policy regarding shipments from the main warehouse (to end user customers versus regional warehouses). ISSUE FIVE: Invest in software (distribution resource planning [DRP]) which would provide desired visibility and also enable the main warehouse manager to â€Å"push† inventory where it is needed versus regional warehouse managers â€Å"pulling† inventory where they believe they need inventory, which may not be correct.

Free Essays on SAN Benefit Analysis

SAN Benefit Analysis Executive Summary Over the last few years the open systems portion of ENTER_NAME_HERE’s Data Center has shown tremendous growth, in both the number of applications supported, and the amount of servers required to support the additional demands. In order to efficiently support our current environment, and be positioned for future growth, deploying a SAN (Storage Area Network) is necessary. A SAN is a high-speed network that joins together storage systems and servers utilizing a fiber backbone with switches and hubs. Once deployed, SANs operate as a utility making additional storage accessible to resource and application servers as needed, routing data to servers on demand, and routing data from disk to tape servers for archiving. A SAN is an alternative to traditional server-attached storage. High-performance SANs utilize fiber optic network connections routed by a switch, often dedicated to guarantee quality of service. Additionally, storage can be managed more efficiently, allocating add itional storage requirements on-demand, instead of dedicating â€Å"stranded storage† to particular servers, thus the ability to consolidate storage pools. Storage consolidation makes good business sense. It can help dramatically reduce the high maintenance cost of proliferated storage, more fully utilize storage assets, and improve the quality of storage services that Distributed Technology offers to the enterprise. Migrating to consolidated storage architecture will allow Distributed Technologies to provision more storage for less cost. Efficient and flexible storage systems have a direct impact on key business indicators. Consolidated storage systems reduce indirect costs, which are well known to be onerous in IT infrastructure investments. These systems are designed to provide the availability and scalability that keep enterprise business systems up and running through periods of growth and retreat. Addition... Free Essays on SAN Benefit Analysis Free Essays on SAN Benefit Analysis SAN Benefit Analysis Executive Summary Over the last few years the open systems portion of ENTER_NAME_HERE’s Data Center has shown tremendous growth, in both the number of applications supported, and the amount of servers required to support the additional demands. In order to efficiently support our current environment, and be positioned for future growth, deploying a SAN (Storage Area Network) is necessary. A SAN is a high-speed network that joins together storage systems and servers utilizing a fiber backbone with switches and hubs. Once deployed, SANs operate as a utility making additional storage accessible to resource and application servers as needed, routing data to servers on demand, and routing data from disk to tape servers for archiving. A SAN is an alternative to traditional server-attached storage. High-performance SANs utilize fiber optic network connections routed by a switch, often dedicated to guarantee quality of service. Additionally, storage can be managed more efficiently, allocating add itional storage requirements on-demand, instead of dedicating â€Å"stranded storage† to particular servers, thus the ability to consolidate storage pools. Storage consolidation makes good business sense. It can help dramatically reduce the high maintenance cost of proliferated storage, more fully utilize storage assets, and improve the quality of storage services that Distributed Technology offers to the enterprise. Migrating to consolidated storage architecture will allow Distributed Technologies to provision more storage for less cost. Efficient and flexible storage systems have a direct impact on key business indicators. Consolidated storage systems reduce indirect costs, which are well known to be onerous in IT infrastructure investments. These systems are designed to provide the availability and scalability that keep enterprise business systems up and running through periods of growth and retreat. Addition...

12 Author Websites That Get It Right

12 Author Websites That Get It Right 12 Author Websites That Get It Right Now that you’ve learned our 10 Tips on How to Make an Author Website, you’re probably ready to set up shop. If you’re itching to make a big impression but need a boost of creativity to get you started, check out the 12 author websites below. Each website was picked because it features an example of effective and personal author marketing.Take a look, and don’t forget to leave us your thoughts and opinions in the comments!1. David Sedaris: Put your book front and centerAuthors often make the mistake of thinking that people visit their websites just to read their bio. Are you, the author, important? Sure, but your book’s more important. Let people know they’re on an author’s website by making your product the star of the show, as David Sedaris does. A minimalist setup makes it impossible not to notice the main event: David’s new book.Her Contact Follow page - one of the most important spots on any author’s website - tell you exactly where you can find her, and precisely what you will find her doing there:I use Twitter and Tumblr to share links to my daily Billfold posts along with the other freelance writing work I do every week, so they’re great places to follow my vast fast writing output.I use Instagram to share what I’m reading and where I’m going. If you want to know even more about what I’m reading, follow me on Goodreads.Sign up for my TinyLetter to get updates on The Biographies of Ordinary People, upcoming classes, and other relevant news.These days, we have so many different ways of communicating with a person, that it almost feels harder than ever just to connect with someone. Not so on Nicole’s website.Takeaway: Playing hard to get is not a wise move for an indie author. If you’ve achieved the great success of having potential readers, agents, or publishers land on your website, don’t make it hard for them to find you. A dedicated, well-thought-out and well-maintained contact page is key. Author websites tip #12: Make it clear how to reach you. In order to sell books, indie authors need to first invest in their books. Part of this involves using as many of the marketing resources in their arsenal as possible, and this absolutely includes an author website. Each of the examples showcase best practices when it comes to author websites, but remember that your own website shouldn’t simply be a copy of an existing one. Take our tips and make them work for you.And if you need a hand in getting your author website set up, head to the Reedsy marketplace where we have just welcomed a host of talented, professional web designers. To find out more about how these professionals can help you build an online presence and get a free quote, visit our Author Website Design page.If you're looking for even more inspiration, check out an older post of ours on  Author Website Design Inspiration.If any of our tips help you improve your author website - or if your site hits the mark to begin with - drop the link in the comments so we c an check it out!

Jesus and the Kingdom of God , The Proofs for the Existence of God Coursework

Jesus and the Kingdom of God , The Proofs for the Existence of God - Coursework Example From these verses, the king (Jesus) ushers in a new rule when he considers the law in the light of the grace that he was giving his followers. In so doing, he helped his followers uphold the integrity and requirement of the law by living up to a higher law, the law of Grace. This resonates with what Romans chapter 8 verse two says about the freedom that the â€Å"higher† law of the Spirit brings. Matthew chapters six and seven deal with man’s relationship with God and man respectively. In this regard, Jesus declares that the life of his follower is bound in a relationship with both God and man (NIV bible). In the light of the discussion of apocalyptism, it is clear that Jesus was both an â€Å"apocalyptic Jesus† and â€Å"the ethical Jesus.† As an ethical Jesus, he commanded his followers to emulate him and teach others to emulate him. This emulation was in action and practice. In Mathew chapters 5 verse 16, he emphasized on the importance of his followers letting their light shine forth for men to see their good works and through that bring glorify to their Father in heaven. As an apocalyptic Jesus, he insisted on the brevity and vanity of the present life and urged his followers to be more concerned with the things of the world to come. This same Jesus went about doing good and healed the sick as he fed the hungry that warned against sin and its eternal implications in leading to eternal damnation on the judgment day. There are many proofs in the webliography that have been presented pertaining to the existence of God. Their nature and angle of argument are varied all with the attempt to prove God. Perhaps the closest that related to proving the existence of God are those dealing with time, contingency and interaction. The reason my inclination is to these theoretical proofs is that their content agrees largely with the scripture. However, the shortcomings of

Federalist #10 and the Existence of Faction in Modern Government Term Paper

Federalist #10 and the Existence of Faction in Modern Government - Term Paper Example I am going to show the despite the publication of Federalist #10 and consistent American media attention to the downsides of factions taking a position contrary to the interests of the American majority, Americans continue to vote in elections against their interests, specifically lower and middle class Americans voting for Republican candidates in recent elections. Although a large republic has been established, political factions such as the Tea Party still exist and substantially influence government. Federalist paper and media downsides on faction have not yielded much fruit. Americans have continued to form factions, which they feel address their interest. This observation leads to an in depth analysis of Federalist paper. In the federalist paper, the author identified two methods, which would solve social inclination towards formation of faction in the society. It argued that one method of dealing with these groups in the society is to stump their causes. The second method that the author mentioned is to control the effects created in the society by this factions. The author of Federalist paper proposed two methods of eliminating factions or emergence of factions in the society. The first proposal argues that by eliminating liberty, which provides room for the formation of factions, the society may fail to form factions1. The second proposal claims that when every citizen gets the opportunity to present their opinions and interests, they would not be able to form factions. Apparently, the second proposal seems to use democratic means of solving a problem, which seems to surface every time. On the other hand, historians and critics have argued that the first proposal has worst implication than the formation of factions. Human diversity is not a factor that any person can eliminate2. However, the society can develop better ways of dealing with diversified views. It is arguable that liberty of the society is not a privilege

Juvenile Drug Abuse Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Juvenile Drug Abuse - Research Paper Example However, the various researches reveal that teenagers have access and abuse different studies from as early s middle school. The habit is notably higher in high school. Different factors contribute to the increasing rates of the habit. According to a fact sheet from the United States Department of Health and Human Services that analyzed facts surrounding Boys and Substance abuse, young boys are prone to developing the habit of drug abuse more than girls develop. The fact sheet indicates that adolescents venture into substance abuse in middle school. Drinking alcohol starts bat this age, but increases greatly in high school. In addition, in 2006, boys reportedly took more alcohol than girls did. In specific statistics, 16% of eight grade boys took alcohol. 47% of boys from twelfth grade and about 34% of tenth grade boys also took alcohol. In 2005, another research showed that three out of five boys used tobacco while two out of five tries out inhalants. In 2006, 22% of boys in grade twelve grade, 13% of tenth graders and 8% of those in eighth grade reportedly smoked at least a cigarette in a month. However, comparison with other years indicates that the rates of tobacco and inhalant use have been falling (United St ates Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). Concerning the use of marijuana the fact sheet indicates that more boys used marijuana in all grades than girls did. In addition, 38% eighth graders, 29% tenth graders and 15% eighth graders who were boys had used marijuana in a year’s time. However, research proved that girls used prescription drugs more than boys did. The fact sheet suggested that the trends in substance use were generally falling on comparison wit previous years. The sheet also made highlights on the factors affecting substance abuse. Teenagers turn to substance abuse to show rebellion, to evade the reality of poor performance in school and

To what extent does Dead Set reinforce or challenge codes and conventions Essay Example for Free

To what extent does Dead Set reinforce or challenge codes and conventions Essay Horror films generally incorporate a set of codes and conventions which make it clear to the audience which type of genre the film belongs to. Dead Set follows conventional horror film narratives in that many of the codes and conventions shown within the narrative are depicted to an effect that suggests crucial aspects of the film, for instance main characters and their alignment (good/bad). An example of this is when Patrick shields himself from the horde of zombies using a disabled person, this denotes Patrick as a villainous character to the viewer. Props character function theory suggests there are generally eight broad character types in media productions, one of which being the villain, which Patrick fulfils in this scene. These character types are included as they build expectations within the audience such as the direction of the plot, these expectations can either be met by the producers or challenged. By shielding himself with the wheelchair user the audience also learn of Patricks disdain towards his employees, a concept that becomes more apparent throughout the series. This scene ends after Patrick enters the cubical and locks the door, following Barthes enigma code theory which explains how plot elements are included in media text to plant questions in the mind of the audience, they do not know whether Patrick has survived unless they watch the next episode. Another notable example is when Marky, Space and Kelly depart in a van from the Big Brother set, this cliff hanger poses questions in the audiences minds, a common technique used in horror texts further more it is recurring throughout Dead Set purposefully used as it engages the audience and helps ensure they continue to watch the following episodes. Character development is a cornerstone of reality television however Dead set challenges this convention to an extent because the characters arent explored in a huge amount of depth. Kellys strained relationship is the one a few exceptions, this is more to the tune of horror texts. The lack of character development may have been included to move the action forward also to keep the narrative primarily focused on action as this may be more gripping for the audience. Dead Set features many technical and symbolic codes used in conventional horror films for instance the extreme gore and violence; even in the first episode as the protagonist Kelly hits the skull of a zombie with a fire extinguisher exposing its brains, this intense violence ensures fans of the horror genre will be satisfied. Less extreme violent behaviour is also demonstrated by the characters in other scenarios such as the frequent hostile exchanges between Grayson and Marky, the foul language used by the characters is common place in the reality television sub-genre. Shortly after the zombie has been killed we are shown Kelly clearing up the remains with a dustpan and brush, Dead Set challenges typical horrors as the high level of realism isnt a traditional feature of horror texts, this particular code helps align Dead Set with the reality television sub-genre. The mise en scene in Dead Set further perpetuates the conventions seen in the reality television sub-genre through the incorporation of alcohol, cigarettes and a provocatively dressed Veronica also the use real past contestants and the actual big brother set add a sense of realism to the production which help to immerse the audience in the action. The mise en scene also denotes violence in particular the characters costumes are soaked in blood, weapons such as knives, guns and fire extinguishers are featured heavily, props such as these are similarly used in other horror texts, these techniques used by the producers of Dead Set follow the codes and conventions used in other horror films such as Dawn Of The Dead these assist in categorizing Dead Set into the same zombie apocalypse sub-genre. Tracking shots of Veronicas body objectify her sexually which in turn help appeal to reality television fans as this technique is used conventionally in the genre. The establishing shot sees the house mates talking to one another in the big brother house, these fantastically colourful shots are then juxtaposed to desaturated, grey behind the scenes footage which open the story. This may have been included as it adds realism also it is Brookers way of perpetuating the idea to the viewer that reality television is far from true reality. The polysemic signs within the narrative arent conventional in horror or reality television however they are featured numerous times throughout Dead Set, an example of this is during eviction night, Joplin describes the audience as â€Å"animals† however they are actually zombies, this is Brooker comparing BB audience to the brain dead zombies, this satirising of society contrasts typical horror texts. Non-diegetic music is also incorporated, during the first epsiode it epitomises the dim situation of the characters, this may have been included as it points the audience to the bleakness of the narrative. The contrapuntal music used in the final episode sounds calming and somewhat optimistic however it contrasts greatly to the images on screen, the zombies devouring one another. This philosophical music may have been included to emphasise the sub-textual meanings to help the viewer see past the literal signs, for example the zombie looking at Kelly on the television, the inclusion of the music makes the satire more evident to the audience in this instance it isnt just the zombie watching Kelly, it is Brooker satirising the reality television audience more specifically those who watch Big Brother.